Islamic history extends over a long period of time covering most of the Middle Ages over a wide geographical area extending from the borders of China in Asia to Western Asia and North Africa to Andalusia. Islamic history can be considered extending from the beginning of the Islamic call after the revelation in the Arabian Peninsula to the Prophet Muhammad bin Abdullah in Mecca and then the establishment of the Islamic state in Medina, passing through the Umayyad state in Damascus, which extended from the borders of China to the Pyrenees mountains north of Andalusia and then the Abbasid state, including its contents These Islamic countries include the principalities, sultanates, and countries such as the Seljuks and the Buyids, in Morocco the Idrisids, the Almoravids, then the Almohads, in the Levant the Hamdanids, the Zangids and others, finally in Egypt the Fatimids and in the Levant and Egypt, such as the Ayyubids and the Mamluks, and then the control of the Ottoman Empire, which is the last of the empires that ruled in the name of Islam over an area A wide geography, and those empires mentioned had ruled large areas of non-Arab countries, and they reached the countries beyond the river in the east, France and Spain in the west.