Frank Schmalleger, Ph.D., is Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the University of North Carolina at Pembroke. He holds degrees from the University of Notre Dame and The Ohio State University, having earned both a master's (1970) and a doctorate in sociology (1974) from The Ohio State University with a special emphasis in criminology. From 1976 to 1994, he taught criminology and criminal justice courses at the University of North Carolina at Pembroke. For the last 16 of those years, he chaired the university's Department of Sociology, Social Work, and Criminal Justice. The university named him Distinguished Professor in 1991. Frank Schmalleger has taught in the online graduate program of the New School for Social Research, helping to build the world's first electronic classrooms. As an adjunct professor with Webster University in St. Louis, Missouri, Schmalleger helped develop the university's graduate program in security administration and loss prevention. He taught courses in that curriculum for more than a decade. Schmalleger is also active in the area of curriculum development and has consulted with more than a dozen colleges and universities in the development of criminal justice and criminal justice-related degree programs. He is a strong advocate of the Academy of Criminal Justice Science's program certification standards although the Academy recently placed certification efforts on hold.